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Tourist Guide |
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Visit Us: Portal Comercio 121
Main Square Cusco – Peru
E-mail:
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Call us: 0051 84 25329 (Office)
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Included Sunday & Holidays
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Inti Light Adventures International Group Inc. |
Thanks to Promperu
for the Information and Photos
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Paracas
National Parks. |
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The
Paracas National Reserve was created September 25, 1975
by means of the Supreme Law #1281-75-AG. It is the only
naturally protected area which includes marine
territories and ecosystems in addition to terrestrial
ones. In 1991 it was declared a Regional Reserve for
Migratory Birds by The Hemispheric Network for Coastal
Birds (today known as "Wetlands for the Americas").
Meanwhile, in April of 1992, it was added to the list of
places of special character for the Convention of Humid
Soil of International Importance, especially to the
Habitat of Aquatic Birds (RAMSAR Convention).
This national reserve is located in the Ica region, the
Pisco province, and the Paracas district. It spans
across a surface area of335,000 hectares, of which
217,594 are marine environments.
This reserve is known for it's great diversity of birds,
which consist of migratory, residents, and/or endemics.
The community of birds, which is one of the principle
tourist attractions, is composed of sea shore birds like
the sanderling (Calidris alba), western sandpipers (Calidris
mauri), semipalmated sandpiper (Calidris pusilla), the
chorlo semipalmado (Charadrius sempalmatus) and the
Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis), among
others. These birds eat small organisms that live in the
submerged or humid ground of this environment. Also
highlighted are the seabirds like the Peruvian booby
(Sula variegata), the guanay cormorant (Phalacrocorax
bougainvillii), the Peruvian pelican (Pelecanus thagus),
the Peruvian tern (Sterna lorata), the inca tern (Larosterna
inca), the royal tern (Sterna maxima) and the elegant
tern (Sterna elegans) who eat small fish, mollusca and
crustaceae (organisms from the sea) which are present at
the superficial layer of the sea. The San Gallán and La
Vieja islands are located in the reserve, are the only
locations of reproduction, and are known in Perú for the
Peruvian diving petrel (Pelecanoides garnotii), an
endemic bird of the Humbolt current. Another endemic
specie of this current is the Humbolt Penguin (Spheniscus
humboldti), which is also in danger of extinction. Also,
it is possible to see the Condor (Vultur gryphus), a
specie in a vulnerable situation and the turkey vulture
(Cathartes aura), along the edges of the cliffs close to
the location where the sea lions lie awaiting the
rotting meat of wolves and other dead animals.
Among the mammals most visible, are the different
species of sea lions like the southern sea lion (Otaria
byronia) and the South American fur seal (Arctocephalus
australis), as well as the marine otter (Lutra felina),
which is in danger of extinction.
These animals use isolated beaches or areas which are
difficult for humans to access, as locations for
reproduction and resting. The bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops
truncatus), is a mammal which is solely aquatic and is
relatively easy to observe from certain beaches eating
or swimming between the waves. On land, the greatest
representation of the mammals is the Peruvian desert fox
(Pseudalopex sechurae) which occasionally can be seen
walking through the desert and close to the beaches. It
is also possible to find bats and other mammals which
are typical of the hills.
In addition to the aforementioned, one can observe some
reptiles characteristic of the desert like the lizard (Microlophus
peruvianus) and the gecko (Phyllodactylus angustidigitus).
Some marine turtles frequent the waters of Paracas,
mostly during the warm seasons and in the event of
something like El Niño, which is when they expand their
range of distribution. Among them exists the leatherback
seaturtle (Dermochelys coriacea), the black seaturtle (Chelonia
agassizzii) and the olive ridley seaturtle (Lepidochelys
olivacea). The flora among the shores is represented by
halophyte plants, commonly known as salt grass, from the
genus Distichlis spp., Sesuvium spp. and Cressa
truxillensis. Likewise, there exist ecosystems in the
hills of Cerro Lechuza, Morro Quemado and San Gallán,
where you can find species like Oxalis spp., Solanum
ferreyrae and Tetragonia pedunculata, among other
typical species of this form. In the sea, there is a
great diversity of flora represented by seaweed. Among
the superior macroscopic seaweed which stands out like "the
lettuce of the sea", such as Ulva fasciata and Ulva
papenfussii. The majority of the edible seaweed is found
within the group of the red seaweed represented by
species like Gigartina chamissoi, G. glomerata and
Porphyra columbina, among others. These seaweeds, are
used by the handicraft fisherman as food for the fauna
of the area.
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